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Mobile Launcher Platform
The Mobile Launcher Platform (MLP) was one of three two-story structures used by NASA at the Kennedy Space Center to support the Space Shuttle stack throughout the build-up and launch process: during assembly at the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB), while being transported to Launch Pads 39A and B, and as the vehicle's launch platform. NASA's three MLPs were originally constructed for the Apollo program to launch the Saturn V rockets in the 1960s and 1970s, and remained in service through the end of the shuttle program in 2011 with alterations.
== Function ==
Each MLP weighs unloaded and roughly with an unfueled Shuttle aboard, measures , and is high. It was carried by a crawler-transporter, which measures , and is high. Each crawler weighs about unloaded, has a maximum speed of about per hour loaded, and has a leveling system designed to keep the launch vehicle vertical while negotiating the 5 percent grade leading to the top of the launch pad. Two diesel engines power each crawler.〔
Originally designated the "Mobile Launcher",〔 the MLP was designed as part of NASA's strategy for vertical assembly and transport of space vehicles. Vertical assembly allows the preparation of the spacecraft in a ready-for-launch position, and avoids the additional step of lifting or craning a horizontally-assembled vehicle onto the launchpad (as the engineers of the Soviet space program chose to do).
The Mobile Launcher Platform was set atop six legs, each tall, when stationary. The Solid Rocket Boosters were mounted on top of the MLP. The External Tank was then lowered between the two boosters and attached to them. After that, the orbiter was lowered into position and attached to the External Tank. The crawler-transporter then carried the combined platform and vehicle to the launch site, and deposited them there together. Once the launch was completed, the crawler-transporter retrieved the empty MLP from the pad to be readied for its next use.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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